档案库 · 金融科技 · 财务决策 · 2016–2026
K银行:韩国首家互联网银行在两次IPO失败后成功上市
K银行在没有分支机构的情况下积累了1500万客户,随后第三次尝试在KOSPI上市——定价在区间底部,以保持上市首日平稳。
K Bank
做的是什么生意
K Bank is South Korea's first internet-only bank: it began operations in April 2017 with no branches, introduced the country's first non-face-to-face apartment mortgage (2020), self-employed business-guarantee loan (2022) and real-estate mortgage (2024), and passed 15 million customers with growing assets and annual profits (Top Daily).
起因
K Bank was founded in January 2016 and began operations in April 2017 as South Korea's first internet-only bank, introducing a run of industry firsts such as non-face-to-face apartment mortgages in 2020 and self-employed business-guarantee loans in 2022 (Top Daily).
经过
Two earlier IPO attempts failed: Reuters reported that K Bank scrapped its 2024 listing citing insufficient demand, when the top of the range would have raised up to ₩984B at a valuation up to ₩5 trillion. For the third attempt it priced at the bottom of its indicative range at 8,300 won to raise ₩498B (~$337M), and began trading on the KOSPI on 2026-03-05 during a turbulent week for Korean equities (Reuters; Financial News).
结果
The debut held: K Bank closed its first day at 8,330 won with a market cap of ₩3.3794 trillion, and said the listing would fund more than ₩10 trillion in new lending capacity, an SME push toward a 50–50 household-to-SME mix by 2030, stronger technology and platform businesses, and stablecoin work once regulation lands (Financial News).
背景
K银行的赌注是,一家没有网点的银行能够通过更便宜、更快捷的数字产品赢得韩国零售客户,并在客户达到1500万、利润多年增长后,市场最终会允许其上市(Top Daily;财经新闻)。
此前两次尝试失败,包括2024年路透社报道因需求不足而取消的一次;第三次K银行将发行价定在区间底部每股8300韩元,融资4980亿韩元(约合3.37亿美元),以确保上市平稳(路透社)。
2026年3月5日,股票在KOSPI开始交易,盘中一度上涨19%至9880韩元,随后回落,收盘报8330韩元,市值3.3794万亿韩元(财经新闻)。
该银行表示,募资将支持超过10万亿韩元的新增贷款,推进到2030年实现家庭与中小企业贷款50比50的目标,投资平台和AI,并在监管允许后建设稳定币基础设施(财经新闻)。
这件事要成立,得有什么
- 无网点经营使K银行在定价和速度上优于传统银行,这在其上市前已积累1500万客户。
- 两次失败教会它需求必须靠自律赢得,因此定价在区间底部。
- 募资用途与具体计划挂钩:中小企业贷款、技术、平台和数字资产,而非单纯补充资本。
- 在波动市场中上市使稳定成为关键:平稳首日比2024年区间上限曾承诺的9840亿韩元更有价值。
可借鉴之处
低定价是一种表态,而非失败:K银行放弃了曾期望的一半融资额,以换取首日平稳,为2030年计划赢得市场耐心。
后续进展
截至2026年3月5日,K银行在KOSPI交易,首日收盘8330韩元,市值3.3794万亿韩元,计划新增贷款能力超10万亿韩元,到2030年将家庭与中小企业贷款比例调至50比50,并投资平台、AI和稳定币(财经新闻)。其2030年2600万客户和85万亿韩元资产的目标——设定于1月十周年活动——建立在已有的1500万客户之上(Top Daily)。
资料来源
- Shares in online lender Kbank rise in South Korean market debut after IPO (updated)
- K Bank Lists on KOSPI on Third Attempt, Raising Hopes for Stronger Capital Base
- K Bank IPO Warm-up "Stablecoins are a growth engine."
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