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Orchid 押注以太坊付费中继能胜过 Tor;2017 年 HN 发布获 378 分
由 Cydia 的 Jay Freeman、GNU Bash 的 Brian Fox 和以太坊的 Gustav Simonsson 打造的去中心化 VPN 协议:用户以代币支付带宽出售者;种子轮近 500 万美元。
Orchid
做的是什么生意
Orchid is building an open-source, fully decentralized overlay network: users tunnel through other people's relays and exit nodes and pay them in Orchid tokens over Ethereum, a market pitched as a surveillance-free layer on top of the existing internet and a cheaper, more private alternative to centralized VPNs.
启动资金:Nearly $5M in seed, reported by commenters in the 2017-10-28 HN launch thread; structured as one of the first SAFT sales to Silicon Valley VCs for rights to future Orchid tokens.
起因
Orchid came together around unusual open-source and crypto credibility: Jay Freeman (creator of Cydia), Brian J. Fox (first employee of the Free Software Foundation and author of GNU Bash), Gustav Simonsson (an Ethereum core developer), Dr. Steven Waterhouse (RPX co-founder who led cryptocurrency projects at Fortress and Pantera Capital) and Stephen Bell (who spent 10 years backing Chinese seed-stage startups at Trilogy VC China); David Salamon was lead author of the whitepaper. Their pitch, quoted from the site FAQ inside the launch thread, was an open-source overlay on the existing internet where bandwidth consumers pay contributors in Orchid tokens and neither traffic nor payments can be watched by a central authority. By October 2017 the startup had seed money that commenters in the thread put near $5M, raised through one of the first SAFT sales to Silicon Valley VCs, and a roughly 50-page draft whitepaper out for peer review.
经过
The whitepaper debut on Hacker News on 2017-10-28 (378 points, 188 comments) became a day-long AMA. Team members defended a deliberately anti-ICO stance: no token sale until a fully working network existed, all code to be released under AGPL3 with the patent licensed Mozilla-style, and no business model by design, since investors had bought rights to future utility tokens whose value would depend on network use. Commenters split: skeptics called a funded, pre-code protocol vaporware or a cash grab, while supporters argued the token incentive answered Tor's chronic shortage of donated relays. The team conceded open design problems, including payment anonymity, bootstrap and traffic correlation, and promised code and a public repo soon.
还没有结局,它还在跑。
背景
Orchid 是一家由开源和密码学老将创办的初创公司:Cydia 的创始人 Jay Freeman、GNU Bash 作者及 FSF 首位员工 Brian J. Fox、以太坊核心开发者 Gustav Simonsson、RPX 联合创始人及曾负责 Fortress/Pantera 加密货币业务的 Steven Waterhouse,以及中国创业投资家 Stephen Bell,David Salamon 担任白皮书主要作者。其主张是在现有互联网之上添加一层免监控层:一个开源覆盖网络,用户通过其他用户的中继传输数据并以 Orchid 代币支付。
该公司的结构性赌注是:不用 Tor 的捐赠中继或 VPN 公司(它们可能记录元数据),而建立一个完全去中心化的以太坊市场,数据源节点向中继和出口节点按包付费,利用概率抽奖支付方式将区块链交易成本降至接近零。节点操作员可过滤流量,并且团队表示在可用网络运行之前不会进行代币销售;投资者通过向硅谷风投的首次 SAFT 之一购买了未来实用代币的权利。
白皮书草案于 2017 年 10 月 28 日登上 Hacker News 首页,获得 378 分和 188 条评论,该页面成为一场持续一天的 AMA。创始人回应称,该网络不会有 Tor 式中央目录,所有代码将采用 AGPL3 授权,且公司自身没有商业模式;怀疑者回应道,一个没有公开代码、有资金支持的协议只是云件。截至该日期,Orchid 仍在建设之中:首席实现者 Jay Freeman 表示他还不能启动中继节点,代码、代币销售和网络本身都尚未完成。
这件事要成立,得有什么
- Tor 依赖捐赠中继,因此供应短缺,普通用户因刷流量而受指责;Orchid 使节点运行成为有报酬的劳动而非慈善。
- 中心化 VPN 是一个大型付费市场,但其运营者可记录流量并可被强制移交;去中心化市场没有可被传唤的中间人。
- 概率彩票可降低区块链交易开销,使以太坊上的按包支付在理论上可行。
- AGPL3 代码和 Mozilla 式专利许可是创始人对风投资金可能使网络分叉为封闭系统的恐惧的回应。
可借鉴之处
隐私网络因供给不足而萎缩:Orchid 押注,向中继运营商支付代币,并允许其过滤流量,能招募到 Tor 志愿者无法提供的带宽。
后续进展
截至 2017 年 10 月 28 日的讨论,按其自称,Orchid 处于产品前阶段:白皮书为草稿,仓库或代码均未公开,首席实现者 Jay Freeman 称他还不能启动中继节点。既定流程是完成软件并仅在之后出售 Orchid 代币给带宽客户,而非 ICO 投资者。公开讨论留下了开放性问题:支付匿名性、审查网络中的引导、流量关联对抗,以及一个由风投和 SAFT 资助的协议能否保持去中心化,均未解答。
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