档案库 · 消费应用 · 战略决策 · 1995–2017
Angie's List 的付费会员评论赌注以 5 亿美元出售给 IAC 告终
一个长达二十年的赌注——消费者会为经审查的本地服务评论付费——在 2017 年 IAC 以约 5 亿美元收购 Angie's List 时结束。
Angie's List
做的是什么生意
Angie's List is a US crowd-sourced review site for local service businesses — plumbers, electricians, contractors — where consumers paid a membership to read vetted reviews, later layering on coupons, paid placement and a marketplace that matched consumers with pros.
起因
Angie Hicks started Angie's List in 1995 (per Wikipedia figures quoted in the thread and the How I Built This story it links) as a membership-based local-reviews service, betting homeowners would pay for dependable referrals to service pros that free listing sites could not guarantee.
经过
The model never compounded into the business investors priced: Wikipedia figures quoted in the thread show Angie's List recorded its first profitable year only in 2015, and quarterly EPS in 2016 swung from -$0.07 to +$0.15. It tried and failed to turn the review service into a marketplace, gave paying businesses preferential coupon and placement treatment — three class actions settled for $1.4M in August 2016 over whether advertising affected ratings and rankings — and by the sale, commenters described a paywalled garden that was losing homeowners to free rivals and neighborhood groups; at least one suitor's 2015 bid had fallen through.
结果
IAC agreed on 2017-05-01 to acquire Angie's List in a deal valued at about $500M — IAC's HomeAdvisor group had already bought HomeStars (Canada), MyBuilder (UK) and MyHammer (Germany). Commenters put the pre-announcement market cap near $352M with a 41% after-hours surge; the deal was announced, not yet closed, as of that date.
背景
Angie's List 花了二十年时间押注于一个想法:房主愿意为可信赖的、经过审查的本地服务商评论付费——水管工、电工、承包商——而不是相信免费的匿名列表网站。该公司成立于 1995 年,成长为本地服务领域最知名的品牌之一,其付费会员模式就是卖点:付费者会认真评论,而商家可以通过优惠券和广告触达这些付费受众。
这种经济模式从未与品牌相匹配。出售帖中引用的维基百科数据显示,Angie's List 直到 2015 年才首次实现年度盈利;2016 年每股收益仍徘徊在 -0.07 美元至 +0.15 美元之间。从会员评论转向市场的尝试从未成功,公司于 2016 年 8 月就广告商支付影响评分和排名的指控以 140 万美元和解了三起集体诉讼。帖子中的长期用户描述了付费围墙花园在与免费评论网站、Facebook 群组和 Nextdoor 的竞争中失利。
2017 年 5 月 1 日,IAC 同意以约 5 亿美元的交易估值收购 Angie's List,将其整合到一个已拥有 HomeStars、MyBuilder 和 MyHammer 的家居服务集团中。评论者指出,该股在盘后飙升 41% 前,收于约 3.52 亿美元的市值,而一位前竞争对手的员工认为会员模式在出售前就已失败。报道此消息的 Hacker News 帖子获得了 207 分和 120 条评论。
这件事要成立,得有什么
- 收费评论理论上赢得了独立性,但在同一围墙内向商家出售优惠券、广告和优先展示,模糊了收费所依据的公正性。
- 直到 2015 年都未实现年度盈利,几乎没有缓冲;当增长停滞时,股价下跌使得约 5 亿美元的退出显得像是解脱而非胜利。
- 免费替代品和邻里网络侵蚀了护城河——评论者在 Nextdoor 和 Facebook 上找到了比 Angie's List 付费墙内更好的推荐。
- IAC 已经拥有本地服务的线索生成机器,并正在整合该类别,因此购买 Angie's List 的品牌和评论数据符合其现有的整合策略。
可借鉴之处
付费墙可以支撑信任,但如果付费广告商可以悄然在围墙内获得更好的展示位置,那么费用所出售的可信度首先被摧毁。
后续进展
截至 2017 年 5 月 1 日,收购已宣布但尚未完成;帖子未确定成交日期、价格结构或管理计划。评论者预计 Angie's List 将加入 IAC 以 HomeAdvisor 为主导的家居服务集团——该集团刚刚收购了 HomeStars 和 MyBuilder,此前还收购了 MyHammer——一些人认为该交易将加速会员模式和评论信任的衰落,而另一些人则指出 IAC 运营订阅收入业务(如约会网站)的历史。
资料来源
- Angie's List Acquired for $500M by IAC
- IAC to Acquire Angie's List in Deal Valued at About $500 Million
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