档案库 · 气候与能源 · 战略决策 · 2010–2025
Oxford PV:钙钛矿-硅叠层电池从创纪录的电池片走向已发货的组件
牛津大学衍生公司出货全球首批商用钙钛矿叠层组件,随后将其专利授权给天合光能以进入中国市场。
Oxford PV
做的是什么生意
Oxford PV, founded in 2010 as a University of Oxford spin-out, develops perovskite-on-silicon tandem solar cells that capture more of the solar spectrum than silicon alone. It operates a megawatt-scale pilot production line in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany, selling 72-cell tandem panels with 24.5% module efficiency that produce up to 20% more energy than standard silicon panels, and licenses its perovskite PV patent portfolio to manufacturers such as Trina Solar.
起因
Oxford PV spun out of the University of Oxford in 2010 and has worked on perovskite-silicon tandem cells since 2014, aiming at the one thing plain silicon cannot deliver: efficiency beyond its physical ceiling. After record-breaking results in the laboratory, the company built a megawatt-scale pilot production line in Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany, to prove the cells could be manufactured, not just measured.
经过
In September 2024 Oxford PV announced the world's first commercial sale of perovskite tandem panels: 72-cell modules at 24.5% efficiency, made at the Brandenburg pilot line and shipped to a US customer for a utility-scale installation, with a record 26.9% residential-size module independently certified by Fraunhofer CalLab. On April 9, 2025 it signed an exclusive license with Trina Solar covering the manufacture and sale of perovskite products in China, with the right to sublicense, as a route into a domestic PV market worth over US$50 billion a year.
结果
Still scaling: as of April 2025 Oxford PV had shipped the world's first commercial tandem panels, signed an exclusive China license with Trina Solar, and said it would pursue further licensing deals outside China while planning a gigawatt-scale high-volume manufacturing site.
背景
Oxford PV于2010年从牛津大学独立出来,花了十多年时间研究钙钛矿-硅叠层电池,这种电池在一个标准硅电池上叠一层钙钛矿,以捕获更多太阳光谱。其押注在于叠层效率将定义下一代太阳能,而不是越来越便宜的纯硅。
2024年9月,这个押注重见客户:Oxford PV出货了全球首批商用叠层组件——在德国勃兰登堡的兆瓦级中试线上生产的72片组件,效率24.5%,用于美国公用事业级项目——并拥有26.9%的家用尺寸组件效率纪录,获弗劳恩霍夫CalLab认证。
2025年4月9日,Oxford PV与天合光能签署钙钛矿光伏产品在中国市场的独家专利许可,并有权转授权,瞄准年价值超500亿美元的市场。这笔交易将专利组合变现,而制造仍由中国供应链来完成,这是Oxford PV无法比肩的产能。与此同时,Oxford PV维持自有产线,并在中国以外继续邀请更多被许可方。
这件事要成立,得有什么
- 升级优于替代:在已验证的硅电池上叠加钙钛矿层可提升组件输出,让公用事业项目在相同土地上多获得高达20%的能量。
- 先造出来再许可:运行中的中试线和已出货的组件让专利主张拥有实验室记录无法提供的可信度。
- 在自己无法制造的地方授权:与天合光能签订含转授权的独家许可,让天合的制造规模部署该技术,而Oxford PV继续走自己建厂的路。
- 专利收入先于千兆工厂到来:中国光伏市场年规模超500亿美元,让许可协议在短期内产生收入。
可借鉴之处
如果中国现有厂商的制造能力远超你,那就卖升级技术和许可:先在自己的工厂里把叠层电池做出实体,然后让天合付钱买专利,而不是在价格上硬碰硬。
后续进展
截至2025年4月,Oxford PV的首批商用叠层组件——效率24.5%,比标准硅组件多产出高达20%的能量——已从勃兰登堡中试线发货至美国公用事业级项目,其26.9%的家用组件纪录已获弗劳恩霍夫CalLab认证。与天合光能的许可协议授予在中国制造和销售钙钛矿光伏产品的独家权利,并含转授权,瞄准年价值超500亿美元的市场,预计到2030年达1000亿美元。Oxford PV欢迎中国以外的更多被许可方,并规划吉瓦级量产基地。
资料来源
- 20% more powerful tandem solar panels enter commercial use for the first time in the US
- Oxford PV ships first tandem perovskite solar panels
- Oxford PV and Trinasolar announce a landmark Perovskite PV patent licensing agreement
- Oxford PV, Trina Solar Enter Patent Licensing Agreement for Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar
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