档案库 · 太空 · 机器人 · 国防 · 战略决策 · 2019–2026
海星太空押注卫星服务能成为一门真正的生意
海星太空押注,由软件驱动的小型拖船能与未预装的卫星对接,并将轨道服务转化为可重复的商业业务。
Starfish Space
做的是什么生意
Starfish Space, founded in 2019 and based in Tukwila, Washington, builds Otter, an autonomous satellite-servicing vehicle that docks with client satellites to extend their lives in geostationary orbit or push them to disposal in low Earth orbit.
启动资金:Over $150M in venture funding as of April 2026, including the over-$100M Series B led by Point72 Ventures with Activate Capital and Shield Capital co-leading (Starfish Space press release, 2026-04-07).
起因
Trevor Bennett and Austin Link founded Starfish in 2019, after stints at Blue Origin, on the observation that satellites are built to be disposable: with no affordable servicing, every satellite must be fully self-sufficient. Their answer was Otter, a tug small enough to be affordable — if docking could be made to work on satellites never prepared for it.
经过
Otter Pup 1 launched in 2023 and rendezvoused with D-Orbit's ION spacecraft in April 2024. Starfish announced Otter Pup 2 in May 2025 to attempt the first docking with an unprepared commercial satellite in low Earth orbit, with D-Orbit's ION as the original target; the D-Orbit docking was later cancelled for undisclosed reasons. After months in orbit, Starfish signed up Australia's Gilmour Space and its ElaraSat satellite as the new partner in May 2026 and began closing the gap for a docking attempt.
结果
The technical prize is still open: as of late May 2026 Otter Pup 2 was maneuvering toward ElaraSat with a docking attempt planned in the coming months, and no first commercial low-Earth-orbit docking had been reported. The commercial side has closed: Otter missions are under contract with Intelsat, NASA, the U.S. Space Force, SDA and SES, and Starfish said its first full Otter missions would fly later in 2026.
背景
海星太空由前蓝源工程师Trevor Bennett和Austin Link于2019年创立,总部位于华盛顿州图克维拉,制造Otter——一种自主卫星服务飞行器。其赌注是:用软件解决对接问题,使Otter能附接到未预装的卫星上,比以前的服务器航天器小一个数量级、便宜得多,从而将延寿和弃轨服务变为一项商业服务,而不是政府专长。
验证路径经过两个演示器。Otter Pup 1于2023年发射,并于2024年4月与D-Orbit的ION交会。Otter Pup 2于2025年5月宣布并于同年晚些时候发射,目标是首次与低地球轨道上的未预装商业卫星对接;当其最初的D-Orbit目标失败时,海星太空于2026年5月签约Gilmour Space的ElaraSat作为新伙伴,并开始接近。
与此同时,商业方面很早就达成了:Intelsat于2024年签约了首个商业Otter任务,NASA、太空军和SDA紧随其后签署了检查、机动和弃轨合同。2026年4月,海星太空融资超过1亿美元,风投总额超过1.5亿美元。截至2026年5月下旬,对接本身仍是悬而未决的技术问题。
这件事要成立,得有什么
- 卫星是单次使用的设计:没有可负担的服务,运营商不得不接受卫星燃料耗尽即报废的事实(海星太空新闻稿,2025-05-20)。
- 早期的服务飞行器体积大,且需要客户内置对接硬件;Otter通过视觉软件和静电抓取机构瞄准未预装的卫星(Behind the Black)。
- Intelsat于2024年签约了首个商业Otter任务:先与墓地轨道中的退役静止轨道卫星对接,然后与运行中的卫星对接以延寿(SatellitePro ME)。
- 钱和合同赶在对接演示完成之前到位:截至2026年4月,已融资超过1.5亿美元,并与NASA、太空军、SDA和SES签订任务(海星太空新闻稿)。
可借鉴之处
在首次对接被证明之前,海星太空就向国防和商业客户出售了延寿和弃轨任务——现在赌注押在一次在轨演示上。
后续进展
在2026年4月的B轮融资后,海星太空的计划是执行其已签约的Otter任务:首艘全尺寸Otter于2026年发射,先从Intelsat的墓地轨道任务开始,加上为太空军、SDA和NASA执行的任务。2025年12月与Impulse Space合作的Remora任务已经验证了海星太空的交会软件在另一架拖船上运行,接近到另一艘Impulse飞行器约4,100英尺的范围内。尚未证明的是对接本身,截至2026年5月下旬仍未完成。
资料来源
- Starfish Space Unveils Otter Pup 2 Mission
- Intelsat and Starfish Space partner for satellite servicing mission
- Starfish Space Raises Over $100 Million Series B
- Starfish finally gets a docking target for its Otter Pup 2 orbital tug demo
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